Gul Saeed Khattak (@Ldataengineer) header
Gul Saeed Khattak (@Ldataengineer) profile picture

Lead Data Engineer at the University of Glasgow, exploring the future of data and AI through autonomous agents, and agentic workflows

Scotland, United Kingdom
Joined June 2023
Who is this reply even for? Saw a reply today under my NVIDIA auto-ontology repo post today . It just said "@bot save this". I assumed it was a joke, so I looked it up. @bot is xAI's Grok Bot, an agent app they launched in August 2026. You tag it under a post and the post goes to your own agent, which runs on its own computer in the cloud all day. So that reply wasn't really for the person who shared the repo. It was for someone's private assistant, left out in public where the rest of us could read it. Feels a bit like leaving a note for your cleaner on a stranger's front door. I get why people do it though. I have hundreds of bookmarks I've never opened. Every time I save something I tell myself I'll read it later, and I don't. At least an agent might actually go through the list. I read that repo properly because I'm building an ontology layer on top of a lineage graph at work. I doubt most people saving it will open the README. Their bots probably will. Still can't decide how I feel about that.
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๐Ÿฏ ๐—ข๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ป-๐—ฆ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ ๐—ง๐—ผ๐—ผ๐—น๐˜€ ๐—ฅ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜๐—ผ ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—”๐—œ ๐—”๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ You have Claude Code in one terminal. Codex in another. Five more agents running somewhere. ๐—ช๐—ต๐—ผ'๐˜€ ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—บ? Three open-source projects want that job. Same goal, very different ideas. ๐—ฃ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฝ: ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜† (๐Ÿญ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿฌ๐—ธ โญ) "๐˜๐˜ง ๐˜–๐˜ฑ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฏ๐˜Š๐˜ญ๐˜ข๐˜ธ ๐˜ช๐˜ด ๐˜ข๐˜ฏ ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฎ๐˜ฑ๐˜ญ๐˜ฐ๐˜บ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฆ, ๐˜—๐˜ข๐˜ฑ๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ๐˜ค๐˜ญ๐˜ช๐˜ฑ ๐˜ช๐˜ด ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ค๐˜ฐ๐˜ฎ๐˜ฑ๐˜ข๐˜ฏ๐˜บ." โ€ข Hire agents into roles: CEO, engineer, marketer โ€ข Set goals and budgets, approve plans โ€ข Not just code: research, content, operations too ๐—ข๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—›๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ๐˜€: ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—บ (๐Ÿต๐Ÿฎ๐—ธ โญ) Now leads with Agent Canvas, a "๐˜ฅ๐˜ฆ๐˜ท๐˜ฆ๐˜ญ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฑ๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ ๐˜ค๐˜ฐ๐˜ฏ๐˜ต๐˜ณ๐˜ฐ๐˜ญ ๐˜ค๐˜ฆ๐˜ฏ๐˜ต๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ ๐˜ง๐˜ฐ๐˜ณ ๐˜ค๐˜ฐ๐˜ฅ๐˜ช๐˜ฏ๐˜จ ๐˜ข๐˜จ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฏ๐˜ต๐˜ด." โ€ข The only one of the three with ๐—ถ๐˜๐˜€ ๐—ผ๐˜„๐—ป ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜ โ€ข Also runs Claude Code, Codex, Gemini and others โ€ข Automations with Slack, GitHub and Linear. Self-host or use their cloud ๐—ฅ๐˜‚๐—ณ๐—น๐—ผ: ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฝ๐—ผ๐˜„๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ผ๐—น (๐Ÿด๐Ÿญ๐—ธ โญ) "๐˜ˆ๐˜ฏ ๐˜ข๐˜จ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฏ๐˜ต ๐˜ฎ๐˜ฆ๐˜ต๐˜ข-๐˜ฉ๐˜ข๐˜ณ๐˜ฏ๐˜ฆ๐˜ด๐˜ด ๐˜ง๐˜ฐ๐˜ณ ๐˜Š๐˜ญ๐˜ข๐˜ถ๐˜ฅ๐˜ฆ ๐˜Š๐˜ฐ๐˜ฅ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ข๐˜ฏ๐˜ฅ ๐˜Š๐˜ฐ๐˜ฅ๐˜ฆ๐˜น." โ€ข Lives inside Claude Code as plugins โ€ข Runs "swarms" of agents, with routing and policy rules โ€ข Built for developers who stay in the terminal ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜€๐—ถ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ฒ ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป: โ€ข Paperclip manages ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜† โ€ข OpenHands runs ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ด๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—บ โ€ข Ruflo powers up ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜„๐—ถ๐—น๐—ฑ ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐˜: Paperclip only launched in ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฐ๐—ต ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฒ. It passed both in about 8 months. ๐—ž๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ ๐—ถ๐—ป ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฑ: โ€ข ๐—ฆ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐˜€ ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ๐˜๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป, ๐—ป๐—ผ๐˜ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น ๐˜‚๐˜€๐—ฒ โ€ข They overlap but aren't the same product. Pick by how you work, not by stars The race isn't to build the best agent anymore. ๐—œ๐˜'๐˜€ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜€๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ป ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—บ ๐—ณ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—บ. ๐˜š๐˜ต๐˜ข๐˜ณ ๐˜ค๐˜ฐ๐˜ถ๐˜ฏ๐˜ต๐˜ด ๐˜ข๐˜ด ๐˜ฐ๐˜ง ๐˜•๐˜ฐ๐˜ท 3, 2026. Links in reply ๐Ÿ‘‡
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Just heard decomp.dev is winding down. It's a scoreboard for fan projects that rebuild old games' code. Its maintainer says AI-powered copying broke the community side of the work. But I think the real story is this: ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—บ๐—บ๐˜‚๐—ป๐—ถ๐˜๐˜† ๐—ฒ๐˜…๐—ถ๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐˜€๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜„๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ธ ๐˜„๐—ฎ๐˜€ ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฑ. When one game took years, you needed other people. Hard work forced people to work together. AI made the work easy. So people stopped needing each other. ๐˜ž๐˜ฉ๐˜ข๐˜ต ๐˜ฐ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ ๐˜ค๐˜ฐ๐˜ฎ๐˜ฎ๐˜ถ๐˜ฏ๐˜ช๐˜ต๐˜ช๐˜ฆ๐˜ด ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฏ๐˜ญ๐˜บ ๐˜ฆ๐˜น๐˜ช๐˜ด๐˜ต ๐˜ฃ๐˜ฆ๐˜ค๐˜ข๐˜ถ๐˜ด๐˜ฆ ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ธ๐˜ฐ๐˜ณ๐˜ฌ ๐˜ช๐˜ด ๐˜ฉ๐˜ข๐˜ณ๐˜ฅ?
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CRAZY: An AI Just Fixed Another AI by Editing it Weights. ๐—Ÿ๐—Ÿ๐— ๐˜€ ๐—”๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ฆ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ฅ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ ๐—ช๐—ฒ๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ต๐˜๐˜€ ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐—–๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ Here is a question that would have sounded silly not long ago: if you showed an AI the raw numbers inside another AI, could it tell what that AI does? A new post from MIT researchers says: sometimes, yes. Think of a neural network as a giant recipe written in a language nobody speaks. Millions of numbers, no labels. Training writes the recipe. Humans can't really read it. The researchers gave OpenAI's GPT-6 Astra these numbers as text and asked it questions. ๐—ช๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฑ โ€ข ๐—œ๐˜ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ: shown 4 game-playing networks, it correctly named each game. โ€ข ๐—œ๐˜ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ: a stuck car-driving network worked after it changed 3.5% of the numbers. Success went from ๐Ÿฌ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐Ÿญ,๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฐ ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐Ÿญ,๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฐ. โ€ข ๐—œ๐˜ ๐—ฐ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฑ: with no practice, it wrote a Breakout player that scored ๐Ÿฑ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿณ, far above the normally trained networks in the authors' tests (25.3). โ€ข ๐—œ๐˜ ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ป๐—ผ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฑ: it found why a small language model kept getting stuck in loops and fixed it. Math scores went from ๐Ÿณ.๐Ÿต% ๐˜๐—ผ ๐Ÿฐ๐Ÿด.๐Ÿญ%. ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ผ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ โ€ข It couldn't tell which of two models was trained to flatter users, until it was allowed to see where each model "paid attention". โ€ข On a different small model with no looping problem, it couldn't improve math at all. ๐—œ๐˜ ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ผ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—ฎ ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ๐—ฏ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฐ๐—ธ. ๐—œ๐˜ ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ป'๐˜ ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ต ๐—ฎ ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜„ ๐˜€๐—ธ๐—ถ๐—น๐—น. โ€ข These are small models, in a blog post, tested by the authors themselves. ๐—ช๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐˜„๐—ฒ ๐—ธ๐—ป๐—ผ๐˜„ A general AI, used as it is, did things with model weights that would be very hard for a person. We don't know yet whether it works on models the size of the ones we use every day. ๐˜๐˜ง ๐˜ˆ๐˜ ๐˜ค๐˜ข๐˜ฏ ๐˜ณ๐˜ฆ๐˜ข๐˜ฅ ๐˜ข๐˜ฏ๐˜ฅ ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฅ๐˜ช๐˜ต ๐˜ฐ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ ๐˜ˆ๐˜๐˜ด, ๐˜ธ๐˜ฉ๐˜ฐ ๐˜ค๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ๐˜ค๐˜ฌ๐˜ด ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฅ๐˜ช๐˜ต๐˜ด? Links in reply ๐Ÿ‘‡
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๐—Ÿ๐—ฒ๐˜ ๐—–๐—น๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐—ง๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ป ๐—”๐—ป๐˜† ๐—›๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฑ ๐—ง๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐—œ๐—ป๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ฎ ๐—–๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—น๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ, ๐—ช๐—ถ๐˜๐—ต ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฃ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐˜๐˜€ ๐—•๐˜‚๐—ถ๐—น๐˜ ๐—œ๐—ป I have seen a better way in Claude recently. ๐—–๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ ๐˜€๐˜๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ต๐˜ ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฒ. ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐—ผ๐—ป๐—น๐˜† ๐—น๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ป ๐˜„๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ธ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐—ธ, ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐˜„๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ป ๐—ฎ ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜„ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚, ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐—ฑ๐—ผ๐—ป'๐˜ ๐—ธ๐—ป๐—ผ๐˜„ ๐˜„๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐—ฎ๐˜€๐—ธ. Ask it for a map of a topic, and it draws a flowchart. The topic is split into steps in a logical order: what comes first, what comes next. ๐—”๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—ฒ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜† ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜… ๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐—ฐ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—น๐—ฒ. Tap one, and Claude writes the next question for you. Usually it sends straight away. Sometimes it lands in your typing box and you just press send. Claude answers that part only, often with a new flowchart. Then you tap again. ๐—Ÿ๐—ฒ๐˜'๐˜€ ๐—ง๐—ฟ๐˜† ๐—œ๐˜: ๐—ง๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜€๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€ Say you want to learn how a transformer works. That's the design from the 2017 paper "๐˜ˆ๐˜ต๐˜ต๐˜ฆ๐˜ฏ๐˜ต๐˜ช๐˜ฐ๐˜ฏ ๐˜๐˜ด ๐˜ˆ๐˜ญ๐˜ญ ๐˜ ๐˜ฐ๐˜ถ ๐˜•๐˜ฆ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฅ". You ask for a map. You get boxes something like this: โ€ข ๐—ง๐—ผ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜€: your text is cut into small pieces โ€ข ๐—˜๐—บ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด๐˜€: each piece becomes a list of numbers, plus its position โ€ข ๐—”๐˜๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป: each piece looks at the others โ€ข ๐—™๐—ฒ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ-๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐˜„๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฑ: each piece is processed on its own โ€ข ๐—Ÿ๐—ฎ๐˜†๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€: attention and feed-forward repeat many times โ€ข ๐—ก๐—ฒ๐˜…๐˜ ๐˜๐—ผ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ป: the model scores every possible next piece Attention sounds like the magic part, so you tap it. You didn't type anything. The question about attention is written for you, and Claude draws a new chart just for that part: โ€ข ๐—ค๐˜‚๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜†, ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐˜†, ๐˜ƒ๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜‚๐—ฒ: three versions of each piece โ€ข ๐—ฆ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€: compare queries with keys โ€ข ๐—ฆ๐—ผ๐—ณ๐˜๐—บ๐—ฎ๐˜…: turn scores into weights โ€ข ๐— ๐—ถ๐˜…: a weighted mix of the values โ€ข ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐˜† ๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ๐˜€: several attentions running side by side Tap "Query, key, value", and it goes one level deeper. ๐—”๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐—ด๐—ผ๐—ฒ๐˜€. ๐—ช๐—ต๐˜† ๐—œ ๐—Ÿ๐—ถ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ถ๐˜€ โ€ข ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—บ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—น๐˜€. โ€ข ๐—˜๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ต ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜… ๐—ถ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ ๐—พ๐˜‚๐—ฒ๐˜€๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ป'๐˜ ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ƒ๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ผ ๐˜„๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐˜๐—ฒ. โ€ข ๐—œ๐—ณ ๐—˜๐—ป๐—ด๐—น๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ต ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ป'๐˜ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—ณ๐—ถ๐—ฟ๐˜€๐˜ ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ด๐˜‚๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ: it isn't mine. Phrasing the follow-up takes real effort. A tap skips that. ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—›๐—ผ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜€๐˜ ๐—ฃ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐˜ โ€ข ๐—œ๐˜'๐˜€ ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐˜„: Claude's in-chat visuals launched in beta in March 2026. Other apps may draw a static image or just text. โ€ข ๐—ง๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ป'๐˜ ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—ป๐˜€๐—ถ๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜: sometimes the question sends straight away. Sometimes it lands in your typing box and you press send. โ€ข ๐—œ๐˜ ๐˜„๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ธ๐˜€ ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐˜ ๐—ถ๐—ป ๐—–๐—น๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐—ฑ๐—ฒ'๐˜€ ๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฝ. ๐—œ๐—ป ๐—–๐—น๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐—–๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ, ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐—ถ๐˜€๐—ป'๐˜ ๐—ฎ๐˜€ ๐˜€๐—บ๐—ผ๐—ผ๐˜๐—ต. โ€ข ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜…๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐˜„๐—ถ๐—น๐—น ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ณ๐—ณ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ: the chart above is an example, not a fixed output. โ€ข ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ฏ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐—ต๐—ผ๐—น๐—ฒ: four charts later, you can lose where you started. Ask for the path at the top of every chart. โ€ข ๐—ง๐—ผ๐—ผ ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐˜: a flowchart can make a messy topic look simpler than it is. ๐—ช๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐˜„๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ธ๐˜€: ๐—–๐—น๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜. ๐—ช๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐—ฑ๐—ผ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ป'๐˜: ๐—–๐—น๐—ฎ๐˜‚๐—ฑ๐—ฒ ๐—–๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ. ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ, ๐—ถ๐˜ ๐—ฑ๐—ผ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ป'๐˜ ๐˜„๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ธ ๐—ฎ๐˜€ ๐—ฒ๐˜…๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—น. ๐—ง๐—ฟ๐˜† ๐—œ๐˜ ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐˜€๐—ฒ๐—น๐—ณ (๐—ฆ๐˜„๐—ฎ๐—ฝ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—•๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐˜๐˜€) Give me a clickable map of [topic] as a flowchart. Use 5 to 7 boxes, in the order I should learn them. Make every box send its follow-up message as soon as I tap it, so I never type anything or press send. That message should ask about that step only and draw a new flowchart for it the same way. Show the path at the top of every chart (like: Transformer > Attention > Query, key, value) so I don't get lost. ๐˜š๐˜ต๐˜ฐ๐˜ฑ ๐˜จ๐˜ถ๐˜ฆ๐˜ด๐˜ด๐˜ช๐˜ฏ๐˜จ ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ฏ๐˜ฆ๐˜น๐˜ต ๐˜ฒ๐˜ถ๐˜ฆ๐˜ด๐˜ต๐˜ช๐˜ฐ๐˜ฏ. ๐˜ˆ๐˜ด๐˜ฌ ๐˜ง๐˜ฐ๐˜ณ ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ฎ๐˜ข๐˜ฑ. Links in reply ๐Ÿ‘‡
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๐—ž๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ต๐˜†'๐˜€ ๐—›๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ง๐˜‚๐—ฏ๐—ฒ ๐˜ƒ๐˜€ ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ง๐˜‚๐—ฏ๐—ฒ: ๐—ฅ๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐˜ƒ๐˜€ ๐—–๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ. There are two very different ways to decide if a video is worth your time. ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ง๐˜‚๐—ฏ๐—ฒ ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ ๐—ฐ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐˜€. Views, watch time, what keeps you scrolling. ๐—›๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ก๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€ ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ป๐˜๐˜€ ๐˜€๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐˜๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐˜€๐—น๐—ผ๐˜„๐—ฒ๐—ฟ: someone coming back, months or years later, to tell a stranger "๐˜บ๐˜ฐ๐˜ถ ๐˜ฉ๐˜ข๐˜ท๐˜ฆ ๐˜ต๐˜ฐ ๐˜ธ๐˜ข๐˜ต๐˜ค๐˜ฉ ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ช๐˜ด." Most of the time, the two agree. I wanted to find where they don't. ๐—ช๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—œ ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ฑ Karpathy just launched HackerTube. Claude read 19 years of Hacker News comments and kept the YouTube videos HN keeps recommending: ๐Ÿฒ,๐Ÿฐ๐Ÿฑ๐Ÿฐ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—บ, ranked by how many different months people recommended each one. The data is public. It has HN's side of the story, not YouTube's. So I got a free YouTube API key and pulled the view count for all 6,454. ๐—ช๐—ต๐˜†? If HN's favourites are also YouTube's most-watched, great videos find their audience. If not, some of the best talks are getting lost. ๐—–๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ด ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐˜„๐—ถ๐˜๐—ต ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ธ๐—ฒ HackerTube sorts every video into ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿฐ ๐˜๐˜†๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐˜€: talks, lectures, explainers, demos, comedy, documentaries, music videos and more. Those types live in different worlds. The typical ๐—บ๐˜‚๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ผ in the collection has ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐Ÿฒ.๐Ÿญ ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—น๐—น๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€. The typical ๐—ฒ๐˜…๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—ฟ has about 2.7 million. The typical ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ธ has about 85,000. So comparing a 50-minute conference talk with Despacito would prove nothing. I kept only ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ธ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—น๐—ฒ๐—ฐ๐˜๐˜‚๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐˜€ (๐Ÿญ,๐Ÿณ๐Ÿฒ๐Ÿฑ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ผ๐˜€), then only the ones ๐Ÿฑ ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐—บ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ different HN commenters recommended. That left 391. The typical one has ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿณ๐Ÿฎ,๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€. So usually, good talks do get found. ๐—•๐˜‚๐˜ ๐—ป๐—ผ๐˜ ๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜„๐—ฎ๐˜†๐˜€ ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ #๐Ÿณ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ผ ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—น ๐Ÿฒ,๐Ÿฐ๐Ÿฑ๐Ÿฐ is Armin Ronacher's "๐˜๐˜ฐ๐˜ธ ๐˜—๐˜บ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฏ ๐˜ธ๐˜ข๐˜ด ๐˜š๐˜ฉ๐˜ข๐˜ฑ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฅ ๐˜ฃ๐˜บ ๐˜ญ๐˜ฆ๐˜ข๐˜ฌ๐˜บ ๐˜๐˜ฏ๐˜ต๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ๐˜ฏ๐˜ข๐˜ญ๐˜ด." ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿฑ ๐—ฑ๐—ถ๐—ณ๐—ณ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜ ๐—›๐—ก ๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—บ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ป๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€ recommended it. It has ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฌ,๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€. That's more than 13 times below a typical talk at the same level. It's not alone: โ€ข ๐—๐—ผ๐—ต๐—ป ๐—ฆ๐—ผ๐˜๐—ผ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐——๐—˜๐—™ ๐—–๐—ข๐—ก ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿฑ: 11 recommenders, ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿฏ,๐Ÿต๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€ โ€ข ๐—–๐—ต๐˜‚๐—ฐ๐—ธ ๐— ๐—ผ๐—ผ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—ฎ ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿฐ๐Ÿฐ-๐—ฐ๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฝ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ฐ๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฝ: 7 recommenders, ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿต,๐Ÿญ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€ โ€ข ๐— ๐—ผ๐˜…๐—ถ๐—ฒ ๐— ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—น๐—ถ๐—ป๐˜€๐—ฝ๐—ถ๐—ธ๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐——๐—˜๐—™ ๐—–๐—ข๐—ก ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿด: 6 recommenders, ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐Ÿฎ๐Ÿญ,๐Ÿณ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€ ๐—™๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€: the view count tells you what's popular, not what people still remember years later. These four are worth a weekend. ๐—™๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐—ฏ๐˜‚๐—ถ๐—น๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜€: HackerTube's data is free to reuse. Joining it with one more source took one API key and about 130 requests. ๐—ง๐—ผ ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ ๐—ณ๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—ฟ โ€ข ๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ฑ๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ฎ ๐˜€๐—ต๐—ผ๐˜„๐˜€ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€ ๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ ๐—น๐—ผ๐˜„, ๐—ป๐—ผ๐˜ ๐˜„๐—ต๐˜†. Long technical talks on small channels may simply have a small audience. โ€ข ๐—›๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ง๐˜‚๐—ฏ๐—ฒ'๐˜€ ๐—ต๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ๐˜† ๐—บ๐—ถ๐˜…๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐—ถ๐—ป "๐—ต๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ป ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐—บ๐˜€." What's new here is the numbers. โ€ข I searched YouTube for other copies of each talk. I dropped one (Guy Steele's "Growing a Language") because ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ผ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐˜‚๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ผ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐˜ ๐Ÿญ๐Ÿฒ๐Ÿฑ,๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ๐Ÿฌ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€. โ€ข The types and "recommenders" are labels written by Claude from HN comments. Counts are as of 2 Nov 2026. ๐—ฉ๐—ถ๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€ ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—น๐—น ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐˜„๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜'๐˜€ ๐—ฝ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐˜‚๐—น๐—ฎ๐—ฟ. ๐—›๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ ๐—ก๐—ฒ๐˜„๐˜€ ๐˜๐—ฒ๐—น๐—น๐˜€ ๐˜†๐—ผ๐˜‚ ๐˜„๐—ต๐—ฎ๐˜ ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐—น๐—ฒ ๐˜€๐˜๐—ถ๐—น๐—น ๐—ฟ๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—บ๐—ฏ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ. ๐˜ž๐˜ฉ๐˜ช๐˜ค๐˜ฉ ๐˜ฉ๐˜ช๐˜ฅ๐˜ฅ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฏ ๐˜ต๐˜ข๐˜ญ๐˜ฌ ๐˜ธ๐˜ฐ๐˜ถ๐˜ญ๐˜ฅ ๐˜บ๐˜ฐ๐˜ถ ๐˜ข๐˜ฅ๐˜ฅ ๐˜ต๐˜ฐ ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ช๐˜ด ๐˜ญ๐˜ช๐˜ด๐˜ต? Links in reply ๐Ÿ‘‡
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๐— ๐˜† ๐—ฌ๐—ผ๐˜‚๐—ง๐˜‚๐—ฏ๐—ฒ ๐—›๐—ผ๐—บ๐—ฒ๐—ฝ๐—ฎ๐—ด๐—ฒ ๐˜ƒ๐˜€ ๐—›๐—ฎ๐—ฐ๐—ธ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ง๐˜‚๐—ฏ๐—ฒ I put my YouTube homepage next to Karpathy's HackerTube. Top 6 videos on each. ๐—ง๐—ฒ๐˜…๐˜ ๐—ฎ๐—ฑ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ฑ ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ต๐˜‚๐—บ๐—ฏ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—น: โ€ข YouTube: ๐Ÿฒ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐Ÿฒ โ€ข HackerTube: ๐Ÿฌ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐Ÿฒ "?" ๐—ผ๐—ฟ "!" ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜๐—ต๐˜‚๐—บ๐—ฏ๐—ป๐—ฎ๐—ถ๐—น: โ€ข YouTube: ๐Ÿฏ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐Ÿฒ โ€ข HackerTube: ๐Ÿฌ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐Ÿฒ Part of that is by design. HackerTube doesn't show the creator's thumbnail at all. It shows ๐—ฎ ๐—ณ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ฒ ๐—ณ๐—ฟ๐—ผ๐—บ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—บ๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ฑ๐—น๐—ฒ ๐—ผ๐—ณ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐—ผ. Creators design the thumbnail to get the click. ๐—ก๐—ผ๐—ฏ๐—ผ๐—ฑ๐˜† ๐—ฑ๐—ฒ๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ด๐—ป๐˜€ ๐˜๐—ต๐—ฒ ๐—ต๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ณ๐˜„๐—ฎ๐˜† ๐—ณ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—บ๐—ฒ. And these are mostly channels I chose to follow. Even the people I like are playing the thumbnail game, because that's what the algorithm rewards. To be fair: โ€ข One of my 6 is an ad. โ€ข HackerTube still shows YouTube's own titles. One of its 6 is "๐˜›๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ด๐˜ฑ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฆ๐˜ค๐˜ฉ ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ข๐˜ต ๐˜ฃ๐˜ณ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฌ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ต๐˜ฉ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ช๐˜ฏ๐˜ต๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ๐˜ฏ๐˜ฆ๐˜ต - ๐˜”๐˜ฐ๐˜ด๐˜ต ๐˜๐˜ฏ๐˜ด๐˜ฑ๐˜ช๐˜ณ๐˜ช๐˜ฏ๐˜จ ๐˜ฆ๐˜ท๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ." โ€ข My homepage is personal. Yours will look different. ๐˜ž๐˜ฉ๐˜ข๐˜ต ๐˜ฅ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฆ๐˜ด ๐˜บ๐˜ฐ๐˜ถ๐˜ณ ๐˜ ๐˜ฐ๐˜ถ๐˜›๐˜ถ๐˜ฃ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ฉ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฎ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฑ๐˜ข๐˜จ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ญ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฌ ๐˜ญ๐˜ช๐˜ฌ๐˜ฆ ๐˜ณ๐˜ช๐˜จ๐˜ฉ๐˜ต ๐˜ฏ๐˜ฐ๐˜ธ? ๐˜—๐˜ฐ๐˜ด๐˜ต ๐˜ข ๐˜ด๐˜ค๐˜ณ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฆ๐˜ฏ๐˜ด๐˜ฉ๐˜ฐ๐˜ต ๐Ÿ‘‡
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๐—”๐—™๐—ง๐—˜๐—ฅ ๐—ง๐—›๐—˜ ๐—–๐—Ÿ๐—ข๐—ก๐—˜ ๐—™๐—Ÿ๐—ข๐—ข๐——, ๐—”๐—ก๐—ง๐—›๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ฃ๐—œ๐—– ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—˜๐—ฃ๐—ฆ ๐—œ๐—ก A few weeks ago REA (Reverse Engineer Anything) and similar Claude skills went viral. Soon my feed was full of reverse engineered clones of famous games and software, each one shared with a GitHub link. Now Anthropic has stepped in. Around 21 October 2026 people saw Claude refusing reverse engineering work. Around 27 October 2026 a new rule went into Claude Code telling it not to recreate someone else's game, even with a new name. Addy Osmani from Anthropic later confirmed it. You can still build your own games. I get the copyright side. But some developers say Claude now refuses their own projects halfway through, and that is a real problem. Anthropic's confirmation, via Game Developer: gamedeveloper.com/programminโ€ฆ
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