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ALT Caption: An artistic reconstruction of the marine amphibian, Gerrothorax maritimus. It is suction-feeding on a coelacanth at the bottom of the ocean. Credit: CHEN Geng, Guizhou University
ALT Figure 4 Modified from References 18 and 19. (b) Bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) and carbonic acid (H2CO3) are absorbed percutaneously, and carbonic acid is changed into bicarbonate ions in vivo. Bicarbonate ions that enter endothelial cells phosphorylate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Phosphorylated eNOS produces nitric oxide (NO), which relaxes the smooth muscle in the outside of endothelial cells, resulting in dilation of the vessel. CO32− carbonic ion, eNOS endothelial nitric oxide synthase, H+ hydrogen ion, H2CO3 carbonic acid, HCO3− bicarbonate ion, NO nitric oxide, p-eNOS phosphorylated eNOS. Schematic diagram of the underlying mechanism by which bicarbonate ions enhance blood flow. (a) Changes in the relative amounts of dissolved inorganic carbon (%) by pH. The pH of the neutral bicarbonate ion water (NBIW) was equivalent to that of blood, i.e., 7.4 (vertical dotted line). Among the dissolved inorganic carbon ions, bicarbonate ions (HCO3−) were most abundant.
ALT Fig. 1: Estimated change in global mean temperature and local extreme heat by carbon majors.
ALT Fig. 1: Environmental context and overview of the transcriptomic profiles from Chrysiptera cyanea juvenile whole-body and adult liver samples across 18 coastal sites in Okinawa, Japan.
ALT Fig. 1: The estimated relationship between climate and conflict risk to date.
ALT Diagram showing a summary of the different injury types received for e-scooter, motorcycle, and pedal cycle riders, split out into adults and children. This is Fig 1C in the published manuscript. Credit: David Bodansky et al./Scientific Reports
ALT Fig. 1: Thwaites Glacier underwent rapid changes in the past few decades.
ALT Star patterns in Van Gogh’s paintings compared with the real sky. (a) The central cluster of stars in The Starry Night (1889), left, and the Hyades cluster in Taurus, center. At right, the five stars in the painting (orange) are overlaid on the real stars (blue) after matching for size, orientation and position; red dashed lines show the residual differences. (b) The stars in Café Terrace at Night (1888), left, and the stars around the Summer Triangle, center. The panel at right follows the same layout as in (a). Credit: Kim et al., Scientific Reports (2026), Figs. 2, 4 and S1 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
ALT This is figure 4, which shows morphological correspondence between the central asterism of The Starry Night and the Hyades cluster.
ALT Tequinho geoglyph (Acre, Brazil) with roads Credit: Martti Pärssinen
ALT Caption: Deltares Delta flume Credit: Guus Schoonewille for Deltares
ALT This is figure 1, which shows the development of a large-scale salt marsh experiment.
ALT A tower of Portland cement cubes produced from silicate rocks. Credit: Brimstone Energy.
ALT Fig. 2 | Processed eggs from cage and cage-free eggs systems exhibit distinct sensory characteristics.
ALT Tametara mirim life reconstruction Life reconstruction of the burrowing stem snake Tametara mirim against a background of sauropod dinosaurs and the enantiornithean bird Navaornis from the same locality in the Adamantina Formation, Late Cretaceous of Brazil. Credit: Gabriel Ugueto
ALT Image 1 Coral reefs rank among Earth's most diverse and productive ecosystems, supporting extraordinary marine biodiversity while sustaining millions of people through food security, coastal protection, and livelihoods. Yet climate change, pollution, and overfishing are driving unprecedented declines. In their global assessment of 892 reef-building coral species, Obura et al. found that 44% are now threatened with extinction, highlighting the growing vulnerability of the very organisms that build coral reefs. Photo by Dr. Tom Shlesinger, Papua New Guinea, 2018
ALT An over-under photograph capturing a school of striped sergeant major fish swimming above brain coral and colorful reef formations. Above the calm water's surface, distant mountains stand under a soft pink and purple sunset sky. Photo by Dr. Tom Shlesinger, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea, 2019.
ALT Artist’s impression of the trans-Neptunian object (612533) 2002 XV93 occulting a background star. Observations of a stellar occultation in January 2024 revealed gradual fading and recovery of the starlight, providing evidence for a very thin atmosphere around the object. Credit: NAOJ / Ko Arimatsu
