Ironically, Pope St. Pius X, although he partly owed his election to Emperor Franz Joseph's exercise of the ancient, imperial "ius exclusivae" (something many emperors and kings had at their disposal for centuries during papal elections, if only occasionally actively employing it) quickly issued a papal decree prohibiting the "ius exclusivae" in 1904, describing any and all such lay, Catholic rulers' involvement with conclaves as "interference" from powers "external" to the Church.

The conversion to Catholicism in Europe of the American revolutionary chaplain gained international attention in the late 18th & early 19th centuries, as his conversion story was published in multiple languages, including French.

If you like my account @RealRCWomen, you may be interested in its new companion account, @RealRCMen. Here is my second post there:

Many Catholics today don't know that at the time of the Protestant Reformation & early European expansion in the Americas, Catholic Christendom wasn't just European but extended into Central Africa.

I have created a companion account to @RealRCWomen, called (of course) @RealRCMen. I will see how it takes off in the coming days, & I will likely post once every other day on both accounts now. And, I will not cross-post too much between the two accounts to keep things streamlined! In any case, please follow and share if this interests you! And thanks if you do!