Diuretics You Must Review 💊🧠 💊 Loop Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide):
↓ K⁺
↓ Mg²⁺
↓ Ca²⁺ (causes calcium loss)
 💊Thiazide Diuretics (e.g., HCTZ):
↓ K⁺
↑ Ca²⁺ (reduces calcium excretion)
Great for patients with osteoporosis + hypertension 💊Potassium-Sparing Diuretics (e.g., Spironolactone, Amiloride):
↑ K⁺
⚠️ Risk of hyperkalemia – especially in CKD or with ACE inhibitors
May cause gynecomastia (Spironolactone) 💢 Clinical Connection:
✔️ HTN + osteoporosis → Use Thiazide
✖️ CKD + high potassium → Avoid K⁺-sparing diuretics