Rose

Scientists made a gel that coaxes damaged teeth into growing new enamel. Scientists at the University of Nottingham, led by Abshar Hasan and Alvaro Mata, developed a protein-based gel that mimics the proteins that guide enamel formation when teeth first develop. Once applied, the thin coating acts like a scaffold, pulling calcium and phosphate out of saliva and organizing them into new crystals that grow into the existing tooth, much the way natural enamel forms. It contains no fluoride, and it can even coat exposed dentine, the sensitive layer underneath enamel. In lab tests that simulated brushing, chewing and acidic foods, the regenerated enamel held up with the same mechanical properties as healthy enamel. That matters because enamel is the hardest tissue in the body, yet once acid erosion or decay wears it away, the body can't replace it. Today's treatments can strengthen what's left or fill the gap with artificial material, but they can't rebuild the real structure. A coating that does could help with sensitivity and early damage, and it could give fillings and veneers a better surface to bond to. To be clear, so far this has been tested on teeth in the lab, not in people's mouths, and the hope of a first product soon comes from the researchers and their own startup, Mintech-Bio. Still, it's a promising step toward treatments that let teeth repair themselves instead of just patching them. source: Hasan, A., ... Mata, A. (2025). Biomimetic supramolecular protein matrix restores structure and properties of human dental enamel. Nature Communications, 16.

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Population: a family topic that became a global project. His father, William H. Gates Sr., sat on Planned Parenthood's national board (1960s–80s) — board member, not “eugenicist.” Bill Gates himself, PBS NOW with Bill Moyers (9 May 2003): “my dad was head of Planned Parenthood,” and family dinners already covered population and reproductive health. Margaret Sanger, founder of PP's predecessor, held documented eugenic views; PP of Greater NY removed her name in 2020. From the dinner table to a foundation priority: family planning, the 2012 London summit. No theory. Facts.