Vamscape retweeted
A sort of side finding in @hmcccoll and @KroonenGuus's newly published papers which I love thanks to their ability to distinguish BB, CWC, and Catacomb type IE stppe ancestry is it pointing towards an IE phylogeny with Italo-Celtic, Greco-Armeno-Albanian, and Indo-Baltic
Vamscape retweeted
"The most racist people in the Netherlands are Serbs, Poles and Romanians"
unavailable
Vamscape retweeted
THE MARKOMANNIC EMPIRE
While not fully stratified, An Argument can be made that the First Germanic Empire is Marobodus' Empire, 9bc-18ad.
This was a Tribal Confederation, although Marobodus explicitly Proclaimed himself as the King of the other Tribes under him, much to the contempt of the Semnones and Langobardi.
The Markomanni were by far the most Powerful and Stratified Tribe in Germania, and through being close friends with Rome, formed a large federation of mostly Economic Basis, which greatly Enriched the Markomanni and their Allies.
Depicted on the map are Specific types of Almgren Fibula associated with the Markomanni and their Trade Network, as well as the Tribes described as being part of Marobodus' Empire.
Oldest extant Germanic nations, ordered by the date they unified or became an independent state:
1. Norway (formed in 872) - Unified under Harald Fairhair after the Battle of Hafrsfjord. (modern independent state only dates to 1905 though)
2. England (formed on July 12, 927) - Unified under King Æthelstan creating the Kingdom of England which expanded through the union with Scotland in 1707.
3. Denmark (formed around 965) - Unified under King Harald Bluetooth.
4. Sweden - Emerged as a unified kingdom in the 11th century
5. Switzerland (formed on October 24, 1648) - Gained de facto independence from the Holy Roman Empire via the Peace of Westphalia, formalising the Swiss Confederation.
6. Liechtenstein (formed on August 6, 1806) - Established as the Principality of Liechtenstein after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire.
7. Netherlands (formed on November 20, 1813) - The Kingdom of the Netherlands was established post-Napoleonic Wars, building on earlier Dutch republican traditions (unified in 1588 which would put them at 5th).
8. Luxembourg (formed on March 15, 1815) - The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was created by the Congress of Vienna, achieving full independence in the 19th century.
Belgium (formed on October 4, 1830) - Declared independence from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands after a revolution, forming the Kingdom of Belgium.
9. Germany (formed on July 1, 1867) - Established as the North German Confederation, which evolved into the German Empire in 1871 and the modern Federal Republic after 1990 reunification.
Vamscape retweeted
The late Roman army was not as effective and suffered more defeats.
The Romans won more than 80% of the battles fought under the early Empire but were increasingly losing afterwards.
Roman defeats: 22% before 476, 52% afterward.
I analysed 1,469 battles from Iosif Lazaridis’s new catalogue. The long-run rise persists after accounting for opponents and geography.
What changed beneath the Roman name, and was 476 really the turning point?
substack.davidepiffer.com/p/…
Vamscape retweeted
na całym tym obszarze jedyną przeszkodą naturalną linia Dniepr-Dźwina xdd czy wy kiedyś zrozumiecie, że cały ten obszar to jedno wielki Battle Royale, a zwycięzca zgarnia pełną stawkę i średnie państwa mogą istnieć tylko sezonowo?😫
