Recent attacks in Ethiopia’s Arsi Zone (Oromia Region) in mid-to-late October 2026 killed roughly 60 Orthodox Christians, with additional injuries, burned homes, and reports of looted or damaged churches, according to the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church’s Holy Synod, BBC, and Addis Standard. These incidents form part of a multi-year pattern documented by the Ethiopian Human Rights Council, which recorded more than 430 civilian deaths (primarily Orthodox communities) in East Arsi since around 2021, alongside abductions, forced displacement, and destruction of religious and civilian property. Government and Oromia regional officials have attributed the violence to the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA, or “Shene”) or elements of the newly formed Alliance for Survival, describing it in some statements as a diversionary tactic by groups under military pressure. The OLA has denied responsibility for these and similar attacks, instead accusing government forces or proxy militias of staging identity-based violence to inflame ethnic and religious tensions and justify crackdowns. Independent verification remains limited, and some local accounts allege involvement by regional security elements or ethnic motives such as claims that victims should “leave Oromo land.” The OLA is an Oromo nationalist insurgent group that split from the Oromo Liberation Front and has waged a low-level rural insurgency in Oromia since around 2018–2019, seeking greater political rights or autonomy for the Oromo people; the Ethiopian government designates it a terrorist organization. In September 2026 it joined the Alliance for Survival, a multi-ethnic coalition of armed and political groups (including the TPLF, Amhara Fano, and others) that aims to remove Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed’s government and install a transitional administration. These Arsi attacks sit within Ethiopia’s overlapping conflicts driven by ethnic federalism, historical grievances, and competition over land and identity—where Orthodox Christianity is often linked to Amhara communities and the historical Ethiopian state. While international coverage of the Arsi killings has been more limited than that of the earlier Tigray war, the pattern has drawn sustained attention from the Church, Ethiopian rights groups, and polarized diaspora media. Civilian targeting on ethnic or religious lines, regardless of the perpetrator, continues to fuel cycles of distrust across multiple fronts of the country’s instability. We demand independent investigation and accountability for these attacks #separatistsAreTerrorist