Threatray (@threatray) header
Threatray (@threatray) profile picture

Code-based malware detection and intelligence. Follow @ThreatrayLabs for our latest research, insights and fresh IOCs.

Switzerland
Joined October 2018
Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)Photo by Threatray (@threatray)
Our founders, @_jwagner and Endre Bangerter, sat down with @jstrosch on the Behind the Binary podcast. 🎙️ They get into binary code similarity — why comparing compiled code gets tricky once compilers, optimization, and languages like Go and Rust have had their way with the binary, how it powers real malware analysis (classification, goodware filtering, threat hunting, attribution), and what AI and ML actually bring to the table. Give it a listen 🎧 open.spotify.com/episode/2nm…
2
7
472
New blog post: how AI + code intelligence can help analysts rapidly identify trojanized DLLs and accelerate malware investigations. We preview our upcoming AI analysis feature, combining LLMs with Threatray’s code similarity engine to surface suspicious functionality, separate benign code from attacker logic, and speed up triage. Read it here: threatray.com/blog/leveragin…
4
10
1,261
New tutorial: From Binary Code to #YARA Rule — A Threatray Walkthrough with #Eddiestealer We just published a hands-on walkthrough showing how to build a reliable YARA rule for Eddiestealer, the Rust-based info-stealer, using Threatray’s unique binary analysis and intelligence capabilities. Since Eddiestealer encrypts and obfuscates its strings, string-based detection doesn’t work — we need a code-based YARA rule. The core challenge with code-based rules is finding pieces of code that guarantee a high true-positive and low false-positive rate. Rust binaries make this especially hard: they’re packed with statically linked runtime and library code, making it extremely difficult to separate malware logic from benign noise and to select the right code to base a YARA rule on. In this tutorial, we show how Threatray’s unique code analysis and intelligence capabilities can simplify and speed up the process of writing code-based YARA rules. Starting from 1,300+ functions in an Eddiestealer binary, we narrow them down to just 2 strong candidate functions through a largely automated process — and use those as the foundation for the final rule. Read it here: docs.threatray.com/docs/buil… A big thank you to @craiu (@wearetlpblack) and @X__Junior (@nextronsystems) for reviewing early drafts and providing valuable feedback.
15
1
50
5,970
🚀 We are proud to announce the availability of Threatray Release v2.2, bringing a powerful set of enhancements and new capabilities to the platform. 🔍 Function-level retro-hunting and pivoting is now available directly in the UI. Point and click on any unknown function to hunt for similar functions across our database of over 1 billion malware and goodware functions - uncovering relationships in seconds and accelerating analysis, pivoting, and detection workflows. 🧠 We’ve significantly improved our Go and Rust library identification engine, yielding up to 40 % more goodware function identifications, while reducing false matches. Library attribution is now more specific, enabling clearer distinction between known good code and potential threats. 👁️ YARA matches are now better visible throughout the UI, making detection results more accessible and intuitive. YARA classification works alongside our core code similarity engine, helping analysts quickly see all relevant classification and detection signals in one place. Explore all the new features and improvements: threatray.com/blog/threatray…
2
7
276
Head on over to our research account for content like this 👇
Recently, QianXin @RedDrip7 reported a new .NET downloader attributed to #Bitter #APT based on network infrastructure. We also spotted the same downloader a while ago, and can confirm that it's related to #Bitter based on code similarity with #MuuyDownloader (another tool in their arsenal). Both downloaders start with a similar information gathering pattern by collecting a standard set of details (Computer Name, Username, Operating System). This is a common pattern seen across multiple #Bitter tooling. Another shared TTP is the payload retrieval routine. Both downloaders get the payload name from the C2 server and append the extension ".exe" to the payload filename. Then, they append the missing PE header bytes to the downloaded payload and execute it afterwards. Samples: bb67a4de756336d45ebaa7657a7586b4ebff26c74aba458d62de85c2070f3d90 f7e25e5601fdf038aa0840be508cf1d5915cd5317a5513cd7e7c3ae76055839f
2
2
398
Check out the latest research, insights, and fresh IOCs from our threat intelligence team - now live at @ThreatrayLabs.
Hello world 👋 We will start using this account to share hands-on malware research, and how we track various malware families and threat actors using our unique code-reuse technology. Stay tuned.
2
285
🚀 We are proud to announce the availability of Threatray Release v2.1, bringing an exciting set of additions and improvements to the platform. 🤝 We’ve partnered with @nextronsystems, a pioneer in YARA and Sigma rule detection, to bring their industry-leading detection capabilities directly into Threatray. THOR Thunderstorm YARA detection and classification is now fully integrated into the Threatray platform. 🔍 We made Hunting and Pivoting effortless – find a unified YARA search and family name autocomplete, making it easier to connect the dots between millions of analyses and hunt for threats. See details and screenshots here: threatray.com/blog/threatray…
3
4
231
⚡ Exciting Update ⚡ We're thrilled to announce our new partnership with @nextronsystems to take YARA rule development and malware classification to a whole new level. 🚀 This collaboration brings Nextron's high-quality YARA rules from THOR Thunderstorm directly into Threatray's Binary Intelligence Platform for even more accurate malware classification. Nextron will in turn leverage Threatray’s unique code reuse technology to accelerate their malware analysis and YARA rule development. Stay tuned for more updates as our collaboration progresses! 👉 threatray.com/blog/threatray… #cybersecurity #malwareanalysis #yara #threatintel
1
6
22
2,112
Threatray's @_n1ghtw0lf and @_jwagner in collaboration with @proofpoint Threat Research Team have undertaken a deep dive into the India-aligned #Bitter (TA397) cyber espionage group. Read part one over at Proofpoint, where they cover campaigns, infection chains, hand-on-keyboard activity and attribution: proofpoint.com/us/blog/threa… Then read part two, where we cover their vast payload arsenal, shared TTPs, IoCs and YARA rules: threatray.com/blog/the-bitte… We will also be presenting this research at #VB2025 later this year.
13
1
34
4,285
We analyzed a .NET multi-stage malware delivery system active since early 2022 that deploys commodity stealers and RATs through a three-stage loading process. Through our code reuse technology, we discovered more than 20,000 samples spanning three years, delivering 10 distinct malware families. The payloads notably include AgentTesla, FormBook, and Remcos - with VIPKeylogger and NovaStealer among recent additions. We identified a stable code pattern in the third stage that enabled us to create a YARA rule for detecting this loader. Find the full analysis with YARA rule here: threatray.com/blog/a-net-mul… #cybersecurity #malware #threatintel
2
12
45
3,955
🚀 We are proud to announce the availability of Threatray Release v2.0, bringing a huge set of additions and improvements to the platform. ✅ The introduction of Goodware Identification enhances analysis by identifying benign code from runtime, third-party libraries and legitimate executables at the function level, streamlining processes such as detecting backdoors, creating YARA rules, and focusing on relevant code. 📊 We bring Code Intelligence to a new level, providing a detailed breakdown of malicious and benign code within binaries, along with capability analysis. These features accelerate investigation and triage of unknown binary code. ⚙️The IDA Pro plugin enhances reverse engineering with features such as cluster analysis to identify code overlaps and function-level retro-hunt to search through our vast code repository. We bring YARA rule development, malware tracking, and code reuse research to the next level. 🌐 Our new Chrome Extension allows for fast threat report analysis by summarizing reports, annotating hashes with malware family classifications, and enabling direct pivoting to detailed analysis in the Threatray platform. See details and screenshots here: threatray.com/blog/threatray…
2
1
7
927
⚡ Exciting Update ⚡ @TeamT5_Official and Threatray are teaming up in a joint research collaboration to level up threat actor tracking and malware analysis. 🔍 TeamT5’s threat intelligence analysis experts + Threatray’s cutting-edge malware detection and binary intelligence capabilities = stronger insights. This partnership will bring sharper threat landscape reporting and enhanced research capabilities for both teams. Continued insights ahead! threatray.com/blog/uniting-f… #Cybersecurity #ThreatIntelligence
1
4
9
503
Our code analysis engine has found that the malware sample 5bd8f9cbd108abc53fb1c44b8d10239a2a0a9dd20c698fd2fb5dc1938ae7ba96 is a variant of Beast ransomware. This sample was recently reported as Boramae ransomware by @CyfirmaR cyfirma.com/research/boramae…. We compared this sample with the Beast ransomware sample 4c44ac1eea4bc7f4ea542d611b5658d7ac2729d79abe750da83f1581cd832eaf discovered by @cybereason in October 2024 cybereason.com/blog/threat-a… Our findings show that: 1. Both samples share nearly identical code, however Boramae is statically linked with OpenSSL 1.1.0. 2. Boramae features enhanced string obfuscation techniques, including a more sophisticated XOR decryption routine and subtractive decryption. 3. It maintains Beast's GUI (accessible via Ctrl+Alt+666) but includes changes to the ransom note, file extension (.boramae), and mutex handling. For more details, check our report: threatray.com/blog/threat-up… This discovery demonstrates how older ransomware threats continue to evolve, not only through rebranding but also by incorporating enhanced functionality to avoid detection. #cybersecurity #malware #ransomware
5
6
466
🚨 Following up on @SentinelOne recent ransomware analysis: Our code search engine has discovered AidLocker/Frag, variants of HellCat/Morpheus. Our findings show that: (1) Like HellCat/Morpheus, AidLocker/Frag are code-wise identical but use different branding in their ransom messages. (2) AidLocker/Frag share substantial code with HellCat/Morpheus, confirming they belong to the same family. For more details, check our report: threatray.com/blog/threat-up… Special thanks to our friends @InfoGuardAG for sharing a recent in-the-wild sample of AidLocker. #Ransomware #Malware #ThreatIntel
3
7
318
Our code analysis engine has found that the malware sample 4dd08b0bab6f19d143cca6f96c8b780da7f60dbf74f1c16c3442bc9f07d38030 — recently reported as Nnice ransomware by @CyfirmaR cyfirma.com/research/nnice-r… is identical to the Slam ransomware sample 1/3
1
2
7
172
6ca602d0ab54a93f6d9346e3d5cf0dcba011f4545e16cf3a4467f7882551508b that @SentinelOne discovered in 2022 sentinelone.com/blog/from-th…. The only notable changes are the ransom note and file extension (.xdddd). 2/3
1
1
94
We just released Threatray v2024.10. Check out the blog to see our new private YARA rules feature, DLL side-loading support, dark mode and lots of threat tracking updates. threatray.com/blog/threatray…
1
5
217
We are very happy to confirm our participation and sponsorship in @hack_lu conference. ⏰ Oct 22-25, 2024 🌍 Luxemburg 👉 Click here to see more about the event: hack.lu/ Threatray is looking forward to seeing you!
1
4
148
We discovered additional insights complementing the @CyfirmaR report cyfirma.com/research/qwerty-… on the 'QWERTY Stealer' sample. Our analysis attributes this sample to the DoNot_Downloader family, which is linked to #APT_C_35, also known as the #DoNotTeam. 1/n
1
2
9
617
Our attribution is based on function level code reuse, with 65 functions in the QWERTY Stealer sample matching those found in previous DoNot_Downloader variants. QWERTY Stealer: 369d8855d2531dce55d046735ff9a26ee4441f3f4509aad35f570c0a0b567c5d 2/n
1
1
49
Want to be faster at creating solid #YARA rules from a set of samples? Tune in to our CTO and Co-founder @_jwagner taking you through YARA rule crafting with Threatray in Part 4 of our new series. youtu.be/Pcmm8GK71K4
1
2
3
248
Learn how to find code that is unique to a malware family and transform it into a YARA rule for #DetectionEngineering, then rapidly generate a #ThreatHunting rule to discover more samples.
107
Staring at your #IDAPro disassembler window and wondering if you’ve seen this code before? Get a walkthrough of our CTO and Co-founder @_jwagner on how Threatray brings #BinaryIntelligence into your #ReverseEngineering workflows in Part 3 of our series. youtu.be/y4oP2LGRT7g
1
4
5
267
Learn how to automatically label known good and known bad code in IDA Pro, how to hunt by individual functions to discover samples containing it and how to cluster samples to identify shared or unique code.
1
73