第二ファシンテルン下北沢支部▐┛

He may very well be the most Ukrainian man alive

>be comp biologist in 2005 >chimp genome just dropped >everyone comparing genes, looking for protein differences >nah, i have a better idea >find DNA that mouse, rat, and chimp all agree on >stuff that hasn't changed in 300 million years >*ultraconserved* >then check if it suddenly breaks in humans anyway >run the scan >49 regions light up >only 2 of them code for proteins >mfw the most human parts of the genome aren't even protein genes >top hit: 118 bases >chicken vs chimp: 2 changes in 310 million years >chimp vs human: 18 changes in ~6 million >name it HAR1 >human accelerated region 1 >cyberpunk name af >"what does it do?" >"we'll find out later" >be wet lab biologist down the hall >handed a 118-base mystery >colleague in Brussels is staining embryonic brain tissue >mail him a probe, "try this" >months pass >email arrives >it lights up in Cajal-Retzius neurons >7 to 9 weeks gestation, right when the cortex is building its layers >it's an RNA gene, folds into a new shape in humans >10 of the 18 changes keep the fold intact >evolution was being careful >still can't say what it actually does >be enhancer lab in 2008 >run your own human accelerated scan >top hit: HACNS1, another HAR >stick human version into a mouse embryo with a blue dye reporter >blue in the paw >specifically where the thumb and wrist will form >chimp version barely does it >swap 13 human mutations into the chimp version >now it does it >we may have found part of the genetic story of the human hand >still not sure of the general human accelerated function though >be population geneticist >see everyone celebrating "positive selection" >notice the mutations are suspiciously biased toward G and C >gc_biased_gene_conversion.jpg >recombination can fake a selection signal for free >build a model to separate them >somehow the HARs survive the cut >about a fifth of them are probably just gene conversion >be the guy who brings this up at every conference >nobody likes this guy >but this guy is right >be autism geneticist in 2016 >if these regions made the human brain >breaking them should break something human >check families where parents are related >find HAR mutations disrupting both copies >up to 5% of autism cases in those families >some reviewers: "most of those CNVs hit genes too" >shrug >be machine learning guy, 2023 >train a model to read enhancers >score every human-chimp difference in ~2,600 HARs >expect all mutations to push the same direction >43% of HARs have mutations fighting each other >one turns the enhancer up, the next turns it down >evolution overshot and corrected >let's keep pushing >huh, human DNA folds differently in the nucleus than chimp DNA >structural rearrangements over a million years ago >suddenly old enhancers are next to new genes >"enhancer hijacking" >post it, feels good, finally solved >be yale lab, 2025 >map what 1,590 HARs actually touch, human and chimp side by side >nearly 3,000 targets >almost all shared between species >no hijacking, just retuning old genes >say the other guys were wrong >post it, this is *not*solved >be 2025 >we have CRISPR, organoids, and humanized mice >put human HARs in chimp neurons >they grow more branches >put human HARE5 in mice >more neurons, bigger cortex >delete HAR123 >mice get worse at unlearning things >finally testing them one at a time >~3,000 to go >be present day, present time >telomere-to-telomere genomes for every great ape >find whole new rapidly evolved regions that weren't even in the old reference >call them HAQERs >mfw more HARs >the list keeps growing >these things keep popping in every genome scan >mfw the only thing accelerating here is our confusion >mfw we still don't fully know what HAR1 does

チームみらいって人殺せるの？ 人殺せない政党は腑抜けだと思います。

新宿駅人民広場、やはりこの熱量である。政治的であることが文化を創る。これを体感理解できるのが路哲だと思う。 #路哲プロテストハロウィン #路哲 #このまちに差別の居場所はない

Sentenced to 1000 Pages of Contemporary Diaspora Literature Written by Asian-American Women

INMU KINGはよくできているね。 才能あるね。 これが紅白に行く世界線はあるのか。

え？ちょっとまって！？ デート費用を全く支払わないことって、内閣府認定のデートDVなの！？

参政党のここがヘンだよ教育編 ・偏差値を撤廃 ・そろばんを必須科目 ・10歳までに義務教育終わらせる ・受験を撤廃 ・中学生で農業か工業を選択させる ・女子は学業ではなく早いうちに子どもを産ませて専業主婦 ・大学は都道府県に1つだけにする 参政党が子どもの笑顔を守るとよく言うが実態はこれ

JUST IN: Palmer Luckey's genetically modified military dog startup, Warhound, comes out of stealth, aiming to create enhanced canines for the U.S. military.